By Maro · Egypt Planners · Last updated: June 2026 · Eclipse data: NASA
What Is a Total Solar Eclipse?
A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly between Earth and the Sun, completely blocking the Sun's bright face. This cosmic coincidence happens because, although the Sun is about 400 times larger than the Moon, it is also approximately 400 times farther away -- making them appear nearly the same size in our sky.
During totality, the Moon's shadow (called the umbra) touches Earth's surface, creating a narrow path -- typically 100-160 km wide -- where observers experience complete darkness for a few precious minutes.